中英对照：学习与农业相关的术语

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中英对照：学习与农业相关的术语
	发起人：eging　　回复数：0　　浏览数：6198　　最后更新：2019/11/22 9:14:14 by eging

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2019/11/22 9:14:16

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eging

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中英对照：学习与农业相关的术语

Today we have a vocabulary quiz. We start with two questions about terms for plants.
今天我们要进行一项词汇测试。首先，我们要提出两个关于植物术语的问题。
OK, first question: What is the name for a plant that lives only one year or one growing season? This kind of plant is called an annual. Think of an "annual report," a report published just once a year.
第一个问题：只能存活一年或一个生长季节的植物，怎么称呼？这种植物被称为“annual”。与之用意相同的表达是“annual report”，也就是每年发布一次的报告。
You can probably guess the next question. What do we call a plant that produces new growth year after year? Plants that keep growing back are called perennials. So a perennial is the opposite of an annual. Perennials come back year after year.
你可能会猜到下一个问题：年复一年循环生长的植物，我们称为什么？这种多年生植物被称为“perennials”。因此perennial刚好和annual相反，这类植物会年复一年地生长。
Now some questions about terms for livestock.
下面是一些关于牲畜术语的问题。
What is another name for a male cow? A bull, right? Well, not always. A male cow is usually called a bull only if it still has its reproductive organs. If not, we call it a -- what? The answer: a steer.
“male cow”的另外一个名称是什么？是“Bull”，对吧。但是这可不一定哦！“male cow”通常指那些有生殖器官的公牛，如果被阉过了我们称其为什么呢？就称为“steer”。
Next question: What is another name for a young cow? A very young cow is called a calf. But a young female cow, especially one that has not had a calf yet, has a special name. Do you know what it is? The answer: a heifer. Maybe you knew that. But here is question just for our radio listeners -- can you spell it? Heifer is spelled H-E-I-F-E-R.
下一个问题：“young cow”又称作什么？非常幼小的牛被称为“calf”。但是一头年轻的母牛，尤其是还没生育过的年轻母牛有一个专用名。你知道是什么吗？它就是“heifer”。可能你听说过这个名称，但是我们专门为听众准备了一个问题：你能拼写出“Heifer”这个词吗？拼写是H-E-I-F-E-R。
Cows, like all mammals, lactate. Our next question is: do you know what that means? To lactate means to produce milk. Cows lactate for up to ten months.
与其它所有的哺乳动物一样，奶牛会“lactate”。而我们的下一个问题就是：你知道“lactate”的意思吗？它意思就是分泌乳汁。奶牛分泌乳汁的时间长达10个月。
In milk, fat rises to the top. But some people do not like to drink milk that way. So there is a process that reduces the size of the fat particles and mixes them all through the milk. This process has a name -- a long name. What is it? It's called homogenization.
牛奶中的脂肪会浮到最上面。但有些人不喜欢喝这种牛奶。所以需要一个可以减小脂肪颗粒大小，并将其与牛奶充分混合的过程。这个过程有个很长的名字。是什么呢？这个过程就被称为“homogenization”。
Still with us? OK, another question. Milk can be made into cheese. Some people like cheese made with milk from a sheep. What do you call a female sheep? The answer: a ewe, spelled E-W-E.
您还在收听我们节目吗？好的，让我们进入下一个问题。牛奶可以制成奶酪，有些人喜欢用羊奶制成奶酪。请问：母羊怎么称呼呢？答案就是“ewe”。
Male sheep have their own name. A male sheep is a -- what? A ram.
公羊也有自己的专有名称，叫做什么呢？叫做“ram”。
Rams and ewes produce lambs. A lamb is a sheep less than a year old. But what do you call the meat from a sheep over a year old? Then we call it mutton.
公羊和母羊可以繁殖出“lamb”。“lamb”是指一岁以下的小羊羔。从一岁以上的羊身上所割下的肉叫做什么？我们叫做“mutton”。
Age also plays a part in terms for horses. For example, a mare is generally a female three years or older. But what do you call a female horse under three? The answer: a filly. And for extra credit: do you know the name for a male horse under four? A colt.
年龄的区别在马类术语中也起着作用。例如，“mare”一般是指大于等于三岁的母马。那三岁以下的母马怎么称呼呢？答案就是“filly”。额外的练习题：你知道四岁以下的公马叫什么名称吗? 答案就是“colt”。