十种翻译技巧（D）

十种翻译技巧（D）
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2017/5/9 15:00:18

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eging3

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十种翻译技巧（D）

8语态变换法(voice changes)

英语被动句多与汉语，因而翻译是要进行相应的语态调整。

1.In some of the European countries, the people are given the biggest social benefits such as medical insurance.

在有些欧洲国家里，人民享受最广泛的社会福利，如医疗保险等。（被动语态转主动语态）

2.The robot sifter has been put into use.

自动筛机已投入使用。

3.The shell parts of reactor pressure vessels have been often fabricated with formed plates welded together.

反应堆压力容器的壳体常常由成型钢板焊接而成。

4.All the sounds are fed into a computer and analyzed.

把所有的声音输入电脑进行分析。

5.It would be astonishing if that loss were not keenly felt.

如果人们不强烈地感受到损失，那倒是奇怪了。

6. They were given a hearty welcome. 他们受到热烈欢迎。

7. I was so impressed by these words that I used them later for a Christmas card.

我为这些话深深感动，后来我就把它们写在圣诞卡上。

8. Last year the region was visited by the worst drought in 60 years.

去年该地区遭遇了六十年一遇的旱灾。

9. The ship was destined for London. 这艘船开往伦敦。

10. Rainbows are formed when sunlight passes through small drops of water in the sky.

阳光穿过空气中的小水珠就形成了彩虹

9 引申法

1.It is not easy to become a member of that club——they want people who have plenty of money to spend, not just every Tom, Dick and

误译：要加入个俱乐部并不容易——他们要的是有钱花的人，不只是汤姆、迪克和哈利等。

正确译文：要加入那个俱乐部并不容易——他们要的是有钱花的富人，不是随便哪个平民百姓。

2. Dogs don‟t speak in the future tense. They live in the moment. 狗不顾将来，只管眼前。

3. I visited various parts of my own country; and had I merely a lover of fine scenery, I should have felt little desire to seek elsewhere its gratification, for on no country have the charms of nature been moreprodigally lavished. Her mighty lakes like oceans of liquid silver; her mountains with their bright aerial tints; her valleys, teeming with wild fertility; her tremendous cataracts, thundering in their solitudes; her boundless plains, waving with spontaneous verdure; her broad deep rivers, rolling in solemn silence to the ocean; her trackless forests, where vegetation puts forth all its magnificence; her skies, kindling with the magic of summer clouds and glorious sunshine, —— no, never need an American look beyond his own country for the sublime and beautiful of natural scenery.

我游遍祖国山河，如果单是为欣赏美景，那我就犯不着去别处寻找这种欲望的满足感；因为在没有别的国家象美国这样有如此迷人的自然景色了：广阔的湖泊，如银波闪耀的大海；崇山峻岭，铺上空灵爽朗的色彩；深邃的峡谷，繁茂的草木；鸟兽众多，激荡的瀑布在寂静的荒原中轰鸣而下；无边的平原，连绵起伏，蓊蓊郁郁；深而宽阔的河流，浩浩荡荡，无声无息地奔流入海；人迹罕至的森林，处处显露着豪爽的景观；夏日的天空，云朵变幻莫测，阳光灿烂—— 不，一个美国人永远不必去国外寻找宏伟壮丽的美景！

4. Youth is not a time of life; it is a state of mind; it is not a matter of rosy cheeks, red lips and supple knees; it is a matter of the will, a quality of the imagination, a vigor of the emotions; it is the freshness of the deep springs of life.

青春不只是人生的一个阶段；它是一种心境。它不是指红润的脸颊，红色的嘴唇和柔软弯曲的膝盖；而是指意志力、丰富的想象力、充沛的情感。它是生命深泉之清新。

青春不是年华，而是心态；青春不是粉面、红唇、柔膝，而是坚强的意志，恢弘的想象，炙热的恋情；青春是生命深泉的自在涌流。

5. Every life has its roses and thorns. 每个人的生活都有甜有苦。

6. New York is not Mecca to me.

纽约不是我心中的圣城。

纽约不是我向往的地方。

7.郭彩娣笑了，赞赏他的口才说：“说话真会绕弯。”（《上海的早晨》）

Guo Caidi smiled and said appreciatively: “He certainly knows how to keep you guessing.”

8. Long-stemmed models ankled through the lobby (<time>) 身材修长的模特们袅袅婷婷地走过大厅。

9. Haie gazes thoughtfully at his great paws and winks at me. The thrashing was the high water mark of his life. He tells me he often dreams of it (Brick Remarque: <All Quite on the Western Front>)

哈伊面带沉思地盯着自己的一双大手，对我眨了眨眼。他一生最好的时候，就是在家乡打粒脱谷那会儿。他告诉我说他常常梦见那些日子

10. The project is an economic albatross from the start

这个项目从一开始就是一个摆脱不了的经济难题

11. 她怕碰一鼻子灰，话到嘴边，他又把它吞了下去。

She was afraid of being snubbed, so she swallowed the words that came to her lips.

12. 为头一人，头戴武巾，身穿团花线袍，白净面皮，三绺髭须，真有龙凤之表。（《儒林外传》）

13. The leader of the band wore a military cap and flowered silk costume. He has a clear complexion, his beard was fine and he looked every inch a King.

那柳湘莲原系世家子弟，…..素性爽侠，不拘细事，酷好耍枪舞剑，赌博吃酒，以至眠花卧柳，吹笛弹筝，不所不为。

Liu Xiang-lian was a young man of excellent family…He was of a dashing impulsive with spear or saber, drinking, and gambling, but be was not averse play on both the flute and zither.

14. 我要有个三长两短，你给玉山捎个话！（杜鹏程《保卫延安》）

If anything should happen to me, let Yushan know!

15. He is a rolling stone ,I don‟t think he can go far.

他是一个见异思迁的人，我想他不会有多大出息。

16. By this means she cast in a bone between the wife and the husband.

他用这种手段离间这对夫妻。

17. He thinks by all this fast talking and flattery he can pull the wool over her eyes ,but she isn’t deceived.

他以为像这样花言巧语加上奉承就可以蒙蔽她，但她没有受骗。

18. If he is unhappy with her… why doesn‟t he leave her? She can be happy without him. It is so silly—this cat-and-dog existence.

假使他同她在一块是那么的不幸福……他为什么不离开她呢？她没有他还可以幸福的。这是多么无聊呀——这种经常争吵的生活。

19. 有的小伙子还总结出一条“恋爱经验”：”先不能让她知道你是矿工，能把她„俘虏‟了，再亮„番号’！”（陈建功：《丹凤眼》）

Some of them even came to conclusion about “the art of love ” :”First of all ,you should never let her know you are a miner until you have her completely at your feet.”

10 句子成分转译

英汉两种语言，由于表达方式不尽相同，在具体英译汉时，有时往往需要转换一下句子成分，才能使译达到逻辑正确、通顺流畅、重点突出等目的。句子成分转译作为翻译的一种技巧，其内容和形式都比较丰富，运用范围也相当广泛，共包括五个方面的内容。

1. 主语转译技巧，可以将句子的主语转译成汉语中的定语、宾语、状语等。

The wings are responsible for keeping the sir plane in the air.

机翼的用途是使飞机在空中保持不坠。（转译成定语）

To get all the stages off the ground ,a first big push is needed.

为了使火箭各级全部离开地面，需要有一个巨大的第一次推力。（转译成宾语）

Machinery has made the products of manufactories very much cheaper than formerly.

因为有了机械的缘故，工厂里出的产品比起以前来，价格便宜多了。（转译成状语）

2.谓语转译技巧。可以将谓语转译成定语。

Radar works in very much the same way as the flashlight .

雷达的工作原理和手电筒极为相同。

3.宾语转译技巧。可以将宾语转译成主语。

Automatic lathes perform basically similar functions but appear in a variety of forms.

各种自动车床的作用基本相同，但形式不同

4.定语转译技巧。定语可以转译成谓语和状语。

Neutron has a mass slightly larger than that of proton.

中子的质量略大于质子的质量。（转译成谓语）

Scientists in that county are now supplied with necessary books , equipment and assistant ,that will ensure success in their scientific research.

现在已给该县科学家提供了必要的图书、仪器和助手，以保证科研工作的成功。（转译成状语）

Hardened steel contains high carbon content which reacts with the diamond and thus causes serious wear of the diamond tool.

因为淬硬钢材含有高碳成分，从而与金刚石产生化学反应，这样便导致金刚石刀具的严重磨损。

5.状语转译技巧。状语转译一般指的是状语从句的转译。它可分作把时间状语从句转译成条件状语从句，把地点状语从转译成条件状语从句和把原因状语从句转译成困果偏正复句中的主语等三种形式。

These three colors, red, green, and violet, when combined, produced white.

红色、绿色和紫色这三种颜色如果合在一起就变成白色。（时间状语从句转译成条件状语从句）

Where there is nothing in the path of beam of light ,nothing is seen.

如果光束通道上没有东西，就什么也看不到。（地点状语从句转译成条件状语从句）

Because he was convinced of the accuracy of this fact, he stuck to his opinion.

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［eging3 于 2017-5-9 15:02:16 编辑过］排版出错