例 1 : Frankly, ideas and goods will travel around the globe with or without our help.
译:坦率地讲,思想和商品都将会在全球流通,不管有没有我们的帮助。
例 2 : we should look for polices which help and do not harm our neighbors.
译:我们应该寻求各种政策,使之帮助而不是损害我们的领国。
3 、意群断句和巧用连词:
即我刚才所提到的大可不必紧跟演讲人,只要保持半句到大半句即可,将句子划分为不同的句群。处理好长句,是同声传译的基本功之一,翻译长句,除了断成意群外还有一个关键要掌握,即英文句子之所以长是因为避免重复使用同一个词,于是用 who, which, that 来代替主语或者宾语,因而使得句子很长,而在中文中就不怕重复使用这个词,例如:that is the single monetary policy which will be discussed at the next European Union conference.
how can the European Union contribute to the development of European film and television industry which is competitive in the world market, forward looking and capable of radiating the influence of European culture and of creating jobs in Europe?
I would like to make one point clear before I move on to the next point.
译:我想先澄清一下,然后再讲下一部分。
I would like to move on to the next part after I clarify one point.
我想谈下一部分,在这之前先澄清一点。
The Japanese surrendered in 1945 after the US practiced two bombs.
日本在 1945 年投降了,在这之前,美国投放了两颗原子弹。
5、 转换词性和语态
1 ) 名词转动词
例如: the development and application of new telecom service, 如果听到整个句子的主语后才开始切入翻译的话就会稍微显得滞后了一些,此时我们可以试着将这些名字翻译成动词,这样其实也符合英语的表达方式,可以译为:开发和运用新的电信业务。再如;
In China, the full opening up and the profound reform in the public services areas to the foreign counterparts greatly give impetus to the development of the tertiary industry. 可以将该句翻译成:在中国, 全面开放和深化改革公共服务领域,并将其向国外同行开放,这极大地推动第三产业的发展。相应地还有一些同类的表达方式:
Clear evidence of:清楚地表明
Give impetus to: 有力地推动
An obvious violation of 显然违反了
2)被动转主动:
英语中大量地使用被动句,目的主要是为了强调或者平衡句子结构,这种表达方式与汉语有较大的差别,所以在翻译英语中的被动语态时有些吃力,特别是当句子的主语比较长时更是困难,在这种情况下,我建议将语态由被动转成主动,往往有一种柳暗花明的感觉:比如: Arrangement must be made to guarantee the basic life necessities which could be available to the people in the earthquake hit areas. 必须做出安排
再如:
China‘s diplomatic practice is seriously guided by the five principles of peaceful coexistence. 可以翻译为:中国的外交活动是严格遵循原则的,即和平共处 5 项原则。
6 、纠错诀窍:
一般来说,在同声传译中不会有回过头来重新改正自己错误的可能性,但也不绝对,所以,如果具备了改错的空间,当然提倡有错必改。对于中翻英的改错,应该在所说错的地方赶紧加上: I mean, or rather, 对于英翻中来说,在说错的地方马上更上:应该是,或者准确地说,应该是