加名词: 在汉语中,翻译及物和不及物动词的区别不是很明显,有时所谓及物动词后面的宾语如果上下文中能够看的出,往往可以省略不说;而英语则不然。由于英语对及物动词和不及物动词的区别很明显,因此翻译成汉语时则很麻烦。特别是一些不及物动词必须带上它后面的宾语句子意思才能显得完整。因此,我们在翻译时往往就需要增补。 a. Make a schedule or chart of you time and fill in committed time such as eating, playing , meetings , classes, etc. (作一个时间表,然后,将吃饭、睡觉、开会、上课等等的时间填上。) 2.有时形容词前面也可以加上名词: e. His wife thinks that this furniture is too expensive and, moreover looks very ugly. (他妻子认为,这件家具价格昂贵而且外表难看。) 加代词: 3.这里的代词主要是指作动词宾语的代词,因为英语中的所有及物动词都必须带有宾语,所以汉语翻译成英语时也需要增补: a. If you like this novel, I can lend it to you. (如果你喜欢这本小说,我可以借给你。) 4.加连词和介词:汉语可以通过上下文来连接句与句之间的逻辑关系,而英语则靠一些连接词来完成: a. If you want to go, I would give you my advice that you take an umbrella. (你要去,我建议你别忘了带把伞。) 5.下面的一些句子则是为了修辞目的而加词: a. He was sentenced as much as six months in jail for drunk driving. (他因酗酒驾驶而被判入狱半年。) b. As many as twenty people were killed in the accident yesterday. (二十个人在昨天的事故当中丧生。) 6.在某些作定语的不定式结构中,介词有时需要加上: a. I’d like to find someone to play with (我想找人玩。) b. Would you please pass me a piece of paper to write on. (你能否递张纸给我,我想写点东西。) 7.某些独立结构中: With a book in his hand, the teacher came into the class. (老师走了进来,手里拿本书。)