①在作表语的介词短语中,介词常转译为动词,而连系动词则省略不译。如:This machine is out of repair.这台机器失修了。
②在作目的或原因状语的介词短语中,介词有时转译成动词。如:
The plane crushed out of control.这架飞机失去控制而坠毁。
The letter E is commonly used for electromotive force.通常用E这个字母表示电动势。
③在作条件、方式或方法状语的介词短语中,介词有时转译成动词。如:
But even the larger molecules with several hundred atoms are too small to be seen with the best optical microscope.但是,即使有几百个原子的分子也是太小了,用最好的光学显微镜也看不见它们。
④介词短语作补足语时,其中介词常转译成动词。如:
Heat sets these particles in random motion.热量使这些粒子作随机运动。
The porous wall acts as a kind of seine for separating molecules.多孔壁的作用就象一把筛子,它把不同质量的分子分开。
②译成让步分句。
With all its disadvantages this design is considered to be one of the best.这个设计尽管有种种缺点,仍被认为最佳设计之一。
③译成真实或虚拟条件分句。
Mans warm blood makes it difficult for him to live long in the sea without some kind warmth.人的血液是热的,如果得不到一定的热量,人就难以长期在海水中生活。
④译成原因分句。
We cannot see it clearly for the fog.由于有雾,我们看不清它。
The machine is working none the worse for its long service.
这部机器并不因使用的时间长而性能变差了。
⑤译成目的分句。
This body of knowledge is customarily divided for convenience of study into the classifications: mechanics, heat, light, electricity and sound..为了便于研究起见,通常将这门学科分为力学、热学、光学、电学和声学。